Gerund 2

KEYS OF GERUND

Source : Gerund at Glance compiled by Mrs. Atun, S.Pd.
Salam MazBay Holic,
Sekarang akan kita lanjutkan pembahasan tentang Gerund. Sebelumnya telah kita pelajari tentang Kinds of Gerund. Nah, sekarang kita akan melanjutkan pembahasan kita ke topik Keys of Gerund.



1. Gerund after Adjective

Adjective (beautiful, sad, dangerous, new, modern, interesting, happy, wonderful, sudden, etc...) bisa diikuti oleh gerund.

e.g :

• The movie we watched last night has a happy ending, doesn't it?
• Will we able to make an interesting meeting if no one cares?
• Where did they join a dangerous surfing with us last month?
• She is not doing a wrong moving, isn't she?

2. Gerund after Possessive Adjective

Possessive adjective (her, my, his, their, your, our, its, etc...) dan genitive (Ann's, John's, Harry's, Sally's, etc...) dapat langsung diikuti oleh gerund.

e.g :

• Her interfering to my problem is absolutely upsetting my whole life.
• Everyone adores his painting he made when he was a little boy.
• No one thought her simple thinking could figure out some problems in our company.
• Do you really need their doing this way?
• Loki's coming late is really upsetting me.
• The dog's barking always colors my days.

3. Gerund after Idiomatic Expression

Ada beberapa idiomatic expression yang umum digunakan dalam bahasa Inggris yang bisa diikuti oleh gerund, diantaranya adalah:

a. It is / There is no use

• Is it any use talking to stubborn boy like him? As if we are talking to the wall.
• There is much use improving our skill in speaking by practicing over and over.
• It is no much use spending our lifetime doing nothing.

b. It is / There is no fun

• It is so much fun going out to video arcade with some friends on Sunday.
• Do you think there is some fun attending some discussion without knowing what they are all about?
• Isn't it fun speaking English with some foreigners?
• There is no fun making someone angry.

c. It is / There is no good

• It's good knowing what the effect is before before doing something, isn't it?
• There is no much good talking about somebody behind his or her back.
• It's good watching our diet to stay healthy.
• Is there any good spending our money for cigarette?

d. It is / There is worth

• Is it worth buying so many fish if no one likes?
• It is not worth helping the bad guy.
• It is so much worth doing effort and praying to get blesses.

e. Can't stand

• She couldn't stand laughing when watching Mr. Bean at TV program.
• I can't stand living in this dorm anymore.
• He really can't stand working any longer. He is so tired and looks very hungry.
• Can they stand standing a whole day without drinking and food?

f. Can't help

• He can't help working for his own father because he is the only child and someday he has to take his father's place.
• They couldn't help getting low daily wage because that was the only one the way of living they could make.
• They can't help spending another night in that desert after a long walk.
• I can't help teaching English because my boss wants me to.

Note :

Can't stand dan Can't help memiliki arti yang berbeda. Can't stand berarti 'tidak dapat menahan' sedangkan Can't help berarti 'tidak dapat menghindar/mencegah'.

g. Would you mind?

• Would you mind moving this car aside?
• Would you mind not coming late another time?
• Would you mind passing the salt for me?
• Would you mind not standing before the door?

h. Go + Verb-ing

• The boys went camping even someone had reminded them not to.
• Will you go surfing this weekend with him?
• Why does she go shopping alone?
• We didn't go skiing last winter.
• Isn't it dangerous to go hiking now? The weather is not with us.

4. Gerund after Time

Expression of time seperti Monday, Sunday, January, July, tonight, 7 o'clock, winter, annual, daily, etc. dapat langsung diikuti oleh gerund.

e.g :

• I am absent on Sunday meeting because I have urgent business.
• Summer surfing will be very great. What do you think about it?
• She promises she will give me a ride to go to Monday briefing.
• Do you always hear midnight screaming from that weird house?
• 7 o'clock meeting is very interesting, isn't it?
• The police cannot find the evidence for last month murdering.

5. Gerund after Number

Gerund dapat langsung diletakkan setelah expression of number, baik berupa cardinal, ordinal, ataupun fraction dan expression of number yang lain seperti some, many, dan a lot of.

e.g :

• He has to make two new drawings this semester.
• The first calling makes my heart beat very hard.
• Do you think she has finished a half writing?
• The criminal died after getting three shootings.
• I was about to finish my three fourth writing when the power was off.
• Tommy found some strange paintings in his grandfather's room.

6. Gerund after Demonstrative Words and Question Words

Demonstrative (a/an, the, this, that, these, those) dan question words (what, which, whose, how many) dapat langsung diikuti oleh gerund.

e.g :

• Is this writing yours?
• Didn't she give you those drawings?
• Which moving is not perfect yet? Just tell me!
• I don't really care whose interfering that was. Please take care!
• Were those housings built in colonialism period?

7. Gerund after Preposition

Preposition dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, yaitu:

a. Free Preposition

For, from, on, before, after, without, besides, by, etc.

e.g :

• Save me from drowning in the sea and pick me upon upon thr beach!
• Her father left her family without saying a word.
• What do you do in your spare time besides studying English?
• Is this tool for digging a hole?
• She didn't say anything after being punished by her mother.
• We decided to choose the chief by voting.
• On coming to my house last night, she ran to me crying. I didn't really know what's going on.
• Bon Jovi says in his song, "Thank you for loving me."

b. Connected/Fixed/Bound Preposition

Preposition ini dapat terikat oleh adjective, noun, ataupun verb.

Adjective + Preposition + Gerund

be fond of	be used to	be scared of
be capable of	be good at	be eager of
be sick to	be clever at	be sick of
be successful in	be tired of	be suspected of
be accustomed to	be responsible for	be ashamed of
be afraid of	be accused of	be better of
be sorry for	be interested in	etc.

e.g :

• Are you used to coming on time?
• She was not responsible for delivering invitations.
• They are not tired of waiting for their turn to get into the train.
• Those girls are capable of swimming and dancing in the water.
• The man who is sitting before the judge is accused of keeping a thousand ecstasies.

Noun + Preposition + Gerund

success in	plan for	thought of
chance of	process of	meaning of
art of	intention of	possibility of
hope of	experience in	skill at
excuse for	danger of	honor of
difficulty in	way of	surprise at
necessity of	opportunity of	means of
pride in	objection to	idea of
habit of	apology for	interest in
ability of	astonishment at	etc.
right of	importance of

e.g :

• Is there any chance of passing all exams?
• My little brother didn't have opportunity of riding this bike.
• She doesn't care the way of earning living. She just spends much money again and again.
• The habit of getting up late is not good.
• Anton hasn't got much success in selling these days.
• Ever since I was a little girl, I had interest in doing challenging activities such as swimming, running, and others.

Verb + Preposition + Gerund

think of/about	feel like	insist on
dream of/about	care for	give up
depend on	put off	look forward to
complain of	go on	die of
object to	fine for	etc.
keep on	charge with

e.g :

• The fishermen never dreamt of meeting pirates in the sea.
• don't put off doing what you can do!
• Why did she insist on going home alone?
• The people object to paying a new electric bill.
• Don't you feel like taking a rest?

8. Gerund after Other Verbs

a. Berberapa verb yang diikuti oleh gerund yang memiliki makna pasif

need

deserve

require

want

e.g :

• Does she deserve treating well after what she done?
• Your hair needs cutting, doesn't it?
• The cat didn't want feeding.
• Do these dresses need washing?
• The flowers that my mother planted required fertilizing, didn't they?

b. Berberapa verb yang diikuti oleh gerund yang memiliki makna aktif

deny	imagine	prefer
appreciate	admit	resist
suggest	risk	practice
recommend	dread	keep
finish	accuse	delay
understand	detest	suspect
enjoy	escape	avoid
anticipate	prevent	mention
postpone	mind	consider
recall	miss	etc.

e.g :

• Does she prefer staying at home to going for walk?
• He really missed seeing his friends from high school.
• My father didn't appreciate attending to that meeting?
• That manager didn't want to risk getting bankrupt, so that he fired some employees.
• Does your aunt, Jennifer, dreads not taking a part in a new play?

c. Berberapa verb yang diikuti baik oleh gerund maupun infinitive yang tidak memiliki perbedaan makna

continue	love	learn
hate	discontinue	can't stand
intend	begin	prefer
start	can't bear	etc.

e.g :

• My little brother wants to continue to study in Cambridge University / My little brother wants to continue studying in Cambridge University.
• I hate to break things these days / I hate breaking things these days.
• It begins to rain heavily / It begins raining heavily.
• She can't bear to live in the dorm / She can't bear living in the dorm.

d. Berberapa verb yang diikuti baik oleh gerund maupun infinitive yang memiliki perbedaan makna

forget	try	like
go on	stop	etc.
remember	regret

1. Forget + gerund bermakna lupa akan apa yang telah terjadi atau apa yang telah seseorang lakukan.
e.g :

• Andy forgets sailing across the Indian Ocean.
• did she forget giving you some money?
• I cannot forget getting a special award.
• Linda will never forget being betrayed by her boyfriend. 

Forget + to infinitive bermakna lupa akan apa yang harus dilakukan atau apa yang harus seseorang lakukan.
e.g:

• She forgets to lock the door.
• Did you forget to return my book?
• Juan forgot to buy medical herbs for his mother, so that she got angry from her.

2. Remember + gerund bermakna ingat akan apa yang telah terjadi atau apa yang telah seseorang lakukan.
e.g :

• Does she still remember getting an accident?
• They didn't remember visiting Borobudur Temple.
• Do you still remember having dinner with me?
• I always remember studying at B.E.C. in my lifetime. 

Remember + to infinitive bermakna ingat akan apa yang harus dilakukan atau apa yang harus seseorang lakukan.
e.g :

• I always remember to bring my pen and book wherever I go.
• Anne remembered to take her mother to see the doctor, didn't she?
• Ron remember to play badminton in the field with me.
• Don't you still remember to take me home before 9?

3. Stop + gerund bermakna menghentikan apa yang sedang atau telah seseorang kerjakan.
e.g :

• He stopped talking when he saw me coming toward to him.
• Will she stop writing novel?
• I don't want to stop helping my parents.
• They don't think they will stop rescuing the Plane's crash from the ruins.
• I cannot stop thinking about going abroad.

Stop + to infinitive bermakna menghentikan atau membuat jeda agar melakukan sesuatu.
e.g :

• I stopped to talk to him about the party on Sunday.
• Does he always stop to help you before going to school?
• They don't stop to take a rest.
• When I saw my friends playing soccer, I stopped to watch them.

4. Go on + gerund bermakna melanjutkan apa yang sedang atau telah seseorang lakukan.
e.g :

• They go on playing volley ball even they can hardly see the ball.
• Why does the sun go on shining?
• He went on explaining the problem even nobody listened.
• Will you go on sailing in this stormy weather?

Go on + to infinitive bermakna berpindah untuk melakukan sesuatu yang baru lagi.
e.g :

• The teacher goes on to give some exercise to students.
• Let's go on to put up the tent!
• Adele went on to explain why he was late.
• When she saw me in my room,  she went on to ask me how I was.

5. Regret + gerund bermakna menyesal akan apa yang telah terjadi atau apa yang telah seseorang lakukan.
e.g :

• I regret forgiving her.
• She regrets working for landowner.
• He will not regret helping the orphaned children.
• Did the old man who was talking to your father regret working in Hospital?
• Does your young brother regret not obeying your dad's advice?
• Ben regrets not telling the truth about his friend's death.

Regret + to infinitive  bermakna  menyesal akan apa yang akan seseorang beritahu, ceritakan, atau katakan. Biasanya berupa kabar buruk.
e.g :

• I regret to tell you that it is the time to do a sudden test.
• He regrets to say that there was no love anymore to her.
• They regret to inform him that they cancelled visiting him.

6. Try + gerund bermakna membuat sebuah eksperimen untuk melihat apakah usahanya bekerja atau tidak.
e.g :

• I saw a baby crying alone at corridor. I tried making her calm but he didn't stop. So I tried giving her a bottle of milk and finally he stopped.

Try + to infinitive bermakna mencoba melakukan sesuatu atau membuat suatu usaha.
e.g :

• I try to speak Japanese even it is very hard.
• after she finished her study, she tried to get a job in her hometown.

7. Like + gerund bermakna menikmati.
e.g :

• She likes dancing in a group.
• Do you like touring to this city?
• George didn't like hiking but he did.

Like + to infinitive bermakna memilih.
e.g :

• Do you like to drink hot chocolate, Sir?
• Fred didn't like to be alone on Saturday night.
• What would you like to order, Madam?
• She doesn't like to sing, does she?